The descriptions of his reaction to cocaine also would imply ADHD--it's almost impossible to *calm down*, let alone sleep, without ADHD on cocaine. Holmes seeming vain or unemotional also indicates that he's autistic and his deductions are pattern recognition--especially since few people ever understand him well. Mycroft is described as routine-oriented with sensory issues, so since Sir Doyle was a doctor, I'd bet this is based off real patients of his.
"He was bright, eager and in excellent spirits- a mood in which in his case alternated with fits of the blackest depression."
Undoubtedly, Holmes had bipolar disorder...
The descriptions of his reaction to cocaine also would imply ADHD--it's almost impossible to *calm down*, let alone sleep, without ADHD on cocaine. Holmes seeming vain or unemotional also indicates that he's autistic and his deductions are pattern recognition--especially since few people ever understand him well. Mycroft is described as routine-oriented with sensory issues, so since Sir Doyle was a doctor, I'd bet this is based off real patients of his.